Inflammation of the oral mucosa: stomatitis, tongue changes, and assistance

Redness of the oral mucosa, sores, burning sensation or tongue pain can have various causes. Appropriate treatment depends on what caused them.

What changes in the oral mucosa can occur?

There may be redness, white or red spots, sores, sensitivity, a nodule, or swelling of the mucosa. Some changes are caused by a bite or a sharp tooth edge, others by infections, dry mouth, medications, or diseases. The cause cannot be determined by color alone.

What is stomatitis?

Stomatitis is a general term for inflammation of the oral mucosa. It does not indicate a single specific cause. Lips, cheeks, tongue, or other areas of the mouth can be affected; sometimes it hurts when eating or speaking.

What can tongue inflammation mean?

Glossitis is inflammation of the tongue. The tongue may be sensitive, red, or appear different than usual. Possible causes vary: local irritation, infections, or other health disorders. A persistent change should be evaluated by a doctor.

How is the cause determined?

The dentist or doctor will ask when the symptoms appeared, what medications are being taken, whether there are dentures, dry mouth, recurring sores, or other diseases. After examination, additional tests or a consultation with another specialist may be required.

What can be done before the examination?

Clean your mouth gently, avoid obviously irritating very hot, spicy, or acidic foods. Do not pick at the changes or stop prescribed medications on your own. Consult a doctor or pharmacist about pain and appropriate measures.

When to seek help?

A sore that does not heal for more than three weeks, a persistent white or red spot, nodule, or constant pain should be shown to a specialist. If severe swelling causes difficulty breathing or swallowing, call 112.

How to prepare for the examination?

Note when you first noticed the lesion, whether it is growing, recurring, bleeding, or preventing eating. Tell about new oral care products, recently started medications, dentures, and other diseases. If you suspect that a sharp tooth or dental appliance is constantly rubbing the mucosa, show that area to the specialist.